Us Global Research Program Ozone Warning

  • Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report. The statements below highlight past, current, and projected climate changes for the United States and the globe. Global annually averaged surface air temperature has increased by about 1.8°F (1.0°C) over the last 115 years (1901–2016.
  • Ground-level ozone. Also separate from global warming (but still important), there is a human-made ozone layer that is closer to us on the surface, known as ground-level ozone, created by chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides and volatile oxygen compounds (known as VOCs). VOCs are a byproduct of gasoline vapors, car exhaust, industrial.
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According to the report by the US Global Change Research Program, as found in the Human Health Sector, With air conditioning reaching near saturation. Vulnerability to ozone effects is greater for those who spend time. This is the end of the preview.

4 Building on the Accomplishments of the USGCRP for the Next 25 Years
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Buizer, J. L., P. Fleming, S. L. Hays, K. Dow, C. B. Field, D. Gustafson, A. Luers, and R. H. Moss. 2013. Report on Preparing the Nation for Change: Building a Sustained National Climate Assessment Process. National Climate Assessment and Development Advisory Committee. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/nca/NCADAC/NCADAC_Sustained_Assessment_Special_Report_Sept2013.pdf.

Buizer, J. L., K. Dow, M. E. Black, K. L. Jacobs, A. Waple, R. H. Moss, S. Moser, A. Luers, D. I. Gustafson, T. C. Richmond, S. L. Hays, and C. B. Field. 2015. Building a sustained climate assessment process. Climatic Change 135:23. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-015-1501-4.

Cameron, L., A. Ferguson, R. Walker, D. Brown, and L. Briley. 2015. Climate and Health Adaptation Profile Report: Building Resilience against Climate Effects on Michigan’s Health. Lansing, MI: Michigan Department of Health and Human Services.

CCSP (Climate Change Science Program). 2002. Our Changing Planet: The Fiscal Year 2003 U.S. Global Change Research Program and Climate Change Research Initiative. Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/ocp/ocp2003/ocp2003.pdf.

CCSP. 2003. Strategic Plan for the U.S. Climate Change Science Program. Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/strategic-plan/ccsp-strategic-plan-2003.pdf.

CCSP. 2006. Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere: Steps for Understanding & Reconciling Differences. Synthesis and Assessment Product 1.1. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap1-1/sap1-1-final-all.pdf.

CCSP. 2007. The First State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR): The North American Carbon Budget and Implications for the Global Carbon Cycle. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.2. Asheville, NC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap2-2/sap2-2-final-all.pdf.

CCSP. 2008a. Our Changing Planet: The U.S. Climate Change Science Program for Fiscal Year 2009. Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/ocp/ocp2009/ocp2009.pdf.

CCSP. 2008b. Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations. Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at http://science.energy.gov/~/media/ber/pdf/Sap_3_1_final_all.pdf.

CCSP. 2008c. Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate. Regions of Focus: North America, Hawaii, Caribbean, and U.S. Pacific Islands. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.3. Washington, DC: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap3-3/sap33-final-all.pdf.

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CCSP. 2008d. Analyses of the Effects of Global Change on Human Health and Welfare and Human Systems. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Synthesis and Assessment Product 4.6. Washington, DC: EPA. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap4-6/sap4-6-final-report-all.pdf.

CCSP. 2008e. The Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture, Land Resources, Water Resources, and Biodiversity in the United States. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. P. Backlund, A. Janetos, D. Schimel, J. Hatfield, K. Boote, P. Fay, L. Hahn, C. Izaurralde, B. A. Kimball, T. Mader, J. Morgan, D. Ort, W. Polley, A. Thomson, D. Wolfe, M. G. Ryan, S. R. Archer, R. Birdsey, C. Dahm, L. Heath, J. Hicke, D. Hollinger, T. Huxman, G. Okin, R. Oren, J. Randerson, W. Schlesinger, D. Lettenmaier, D. Major, L. Poff, S. Running, L. Hansen, D. Inouye, B. P. Kelly, L. Meyerson, B. Peterson, and R. Shaw. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. SAP 4.3. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap4-3/sap4.3-final-all.pdf.

CCSP. 2009. Thresholds of Climate Change in Ecosystems. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. D. B. Fagre, C. W. Charles, C. D. Allen, C. Birkeland, F. S. Chapin III, P. M. Groffman, G. R. Guntenspergen, A. K. Knapp, A. D. McGuire, P. J. Mulholland, D. P. C. Peters, D. D. Roby, and G. Sugihara. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey. SAP 4.2. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap4-2/sap4-2-final-reportall.pdf.

CES (Committee on Earth Sciences). 1988. Our Changing Planet: A U.S. Strategy for Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP.

CES. 1989. Our Changing Planet: The FY 1990 Research Plan. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://data.globalchange.gov/assets/9a/e2/015f1b15af5987a6dae7eda28c2b/OCP_1990.pdf.

Clark, W. C., L. van Kerkhoff, L. Lebel, and G. C. Gallopin. 2016. Crafting usable knowledge for sustainable development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113(17):4570–4578. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601266113.

Cloyd, E., S. C. Moser, E. Maibach, J. Maldonado, and T. Chen. 2016. Engagement in the Third U.S. National Climate Assessment: Commitment, capacity, and communication for impact. Climatic Change 135:39. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-015-1568-y.

DOD (U.S. Department of Defense). 2015. National Security Implications of Climate-Related Risks and a Changing Climate. Submitted in response to a request contained in Senate Report 113-211, accompanying H.R. 4870, the Department of Defense Appropriations Bill, 2015. Washington, DC: DOD. Available at http://archive.defense.gov/pubs/150724-congressional-report-on-nationalimplications-of-climate-change.pdf.

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Us Global Research Program Ozone Warning

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2016. Excessive heat events guidebook. EPA 430-B-16-001. Washington, DC: EPA. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/201603/documents/eheguide_final.pdf.

EPA and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2016. Climate change and extreme heat: What you can do to prepare. EPA 430-R-16-061. Washington, DC: EPA. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/pubs/extreme-heat-guidebook.pdf.

ESA (Ecological Society of America). 2012. Biogenic greenhouse gases in North American terrestrial ecosystems (special issue). Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10(10).

ESA. 2013. Impacts of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem services (special issue). Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11(9).

Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.

Hong, N., P. C. Scharf, J. G. Davis, N. R. Kitchen, and K. A. Sudduth. 2007. Economically optimal nitrogen rate reduces soil residual nitrate. Journal of Environmental Quality 36:354–362.

IAC (InterAcademy Council). 2010. Climate Change Assessments, Review of the Processes & Procedures of the IPCC. Amsterdam: InterAcademy Council. Available at http://reviewipcc.interacademycouncil.net/report.html.

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson, eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Jacobs, K. L., J. L. Buizer, and S. C. Moser, eds. 2016. Special Issue: The third US National Climate Assessment: Innovations in science and engagement. Climatic Change 135:1. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-016-1621-5.

Janetos, A. C., and M. A. Kenney. 2015. Developing better indicators to track climate impacts. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 13:403. DOI: 10.1890/1540-9295-13.8.403.

Kaiser, R., A. Le Tertre, J. Schwartz, C. A. Gotway, W. R. Daley, and C. H. Rubin. 2007. The effect of the 1995 heat wave in Chicago on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. American Journal of Public Health 97(Suppl 1):S158–S162. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.100081.

Karl, T. R., J. M. Melillo, and T. C. Peterson, eds. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/usimpacts/pdfs/climate-impacts-report.pdf.

Kennel, C. F., S. Briggs, and D. G. Victor. 2016. Making climate science more relevant. Science 354(6311):421–422. DOI: 10.1126/science.aag3248.

Kenney, M. A., A. C. Janetos, and G. Lough. 2016. Building an integrated US national climate indicators system. Climatic Change 135:85. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-016-1609-1.

King, M. D., ed. 1999a. EOS Science Plan: State of the Science in the EOS Program. Greenbelt, MD: NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center. Available at https://eospso.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/SciencePlan.pdf.

King, M. D., ed. 1999b. 1999 EOS Reference Handbook: A Guide to NASA’s Earth Science Enterprise and the Earth Observing System. Greenbelt, MD: NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center. Available at https://eospso.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/1999ReferenceHandbook.pdf.

Mao, J., A. Ribes, B. Yan, X. Shi, P. E. Thornton, R. Seferian, P. Ciais, R. B. Myneni, H. Douville, S. Piao, Z. Zhu, R. E. Dickinson, Y. Dai, D. M. Ricciuto, M. Jin, F. M. Hoffman, B. Wang, M. Huang, and X. Lian. 2016. Human-induced greening of the northern extratropical land surface. Nature Climate Change 6(10):959–963. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3056.

Melillo, J. M., T. C. Richmond, and G. W. Yohe, eds. 2014. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at http://s3.amazonaws.com/nca2014/low/NCA3_Climate_Change_Impacts_in_the_United%20States_LowRes.pdf?download=1.

Meyer, R. 2012. Finding the true value of US climate science. Nature News 482(7384):133. DOI: 10.1038/482133a.

Monaghan, A. J., C. W. Morin, D. F. Steinhoff, O. Wilhelmi, M. Hayden, D. A. Quattrochi, M. Reiskind, A. L. Lloyd, K. Smith, C. A. Schmidt, P. E. Scalf, and K. Ernst. 2016. On the seasonal occurrence and abundance of the Zika virus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti in the contiguous United States. PLOS Currents Outbreaks March 16. DOI: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.50dfc7f46798675fc63e7d7da563 da76.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 1986. Earth System Science: Overview: A Program for Global Change. Washington, DC: NASA.

Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.

NASEM (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine). 2016. Review of the U.S. Global Change Research Program’s Update to the Strategic Plan (USP) Document. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/23396.

National Synthesis Assessment Team. 2000. Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change. Overview. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://data.globalchange.gov/assets/9a/aa/ec5b4bb3b895bc8369be2ddac377/nca-2000report-overview.pdf.

NRC (National Research Council). 1990. The U.S. Global Change Research Program: An Assessment of the FY 1991 Plans. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. DOI: 10.17226/1606.

NRC. 1992. Global Environmental Change: Understanding the Human Dimensions. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. DOI: 10.17226/1792.

NRC. 1998. Capacity of U.S. Climate Modeling to Support Climate Change Assessment Activities. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. DOI: 10.17226/6365.

NRC. 2000. Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. DOI: 10.17226/9755.

NRC. 2001. Improving Effectiveness of U.S. Climate Modeling. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. DOI: 10.17226/10087.

NRC. 2007. Analysis of Global Change Assessments: Lessons Learned. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/11868.

NRC. 2009a. Informing Decisions in a Changing Climate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/12626.

NRC. 2012a. A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/13430.

NRC. 2012b. A Review of the U.S. Global Change Research Program’s Draft Strategic Plan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/13330.

NRC. 2013a. Climate and Social Stress: Implications for Security Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/14682.

NRC. 2013b. A Review of the Draft 2013 National Climate Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/18322.

NRC. 2015. Review of the Draft Interagency Report on the Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/21787.

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Us Global Research Program Ozone Warning Systems

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Pielke, R. A. 2000a. Policy history of the US Global Change Research Program: Part I. Administrative development. Global Environmental Change 10(1):9–25.

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Pielke, R. A. 2000b. Policy history of the US Global Change Research Program: Part II. Legislative process. Global Environmental Change 10(2):133–144.

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Sarmiento, J. L., and S. C. Wofsy. 1999. A U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan. A Report of the Carbon and Climate Working Group. Washington, DC: USGCRP.

Scheffers, B. R., L. De Meester, T. C. L. Bridge, A. A. Hoffmann, J. M. Pandolfi, R. T. Corlett, S. H. M. Butchart, P. Pearce-Kelly, K. M. Kovacs, D. Dudgeon, M. Pacifici, C. Rondinini, W. B. Foden, T. G. Martin, C. Mora, D. Bickford, and J. E. M. Watson. 2016. The broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people. Science 354(6313):aaf7671–aaf7671. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf7671.

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Smith, A. B., and R. W. Katz. 2013. US billion-dollar weather and climate disasters: Data sources, trends, accuracy and biases. Natural Hazards 67(2):387–410. DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0566-5.

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Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.

USGCRP (U.S. Global Change Research Program). 2001a. High-End Climate Science: Development of Modeling and Related Computing Capabilities. Washington, DC: USGCRP.

USGCRP. 2001b. Human Health Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives 109(Supplement 2):175-233.

Us Global Research Program Ozone Warning System

USGCRP. 2011. Our Changing Planet: The U.S. Global Change Research Program for Fiscal Year 2012. Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://data.globalchange.gov/assets/ed/da/c57f22bc3afd6b8a070a9ff5cdc2/ocp2012.pdf.

USGCRP. 2012a. Our Changing Planet: The U.S. Global Change Research Program for Fiscal Year 2013. Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at https://downloads.globalchange.gov/ocp/ocp2013/ocp2013.pdf.

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Verma, M., M. A. Friedl, A. D. Richardson, G. Kiely, A. Cescatti, B. E. Law, G. Wohlfahrt, B. Gielen, O. Roupsard, E. J. Moors, P. Toscano, F. P. Vaccari, D. Gianelle, G. Bohrer, A. Varlagin, N. B uchmann, E. van Gorsel, L. Montagnani, and P. Propastin. 2014. Remote sensing of annual terrestrial gross primary productivity from MODIS: An assessment using the FLUXNET La Thuile data set. Biogeosciences 11:2185–2200. DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-2185-2014.

WCSG (Water Cycle Study Group). 2001. A Plan for a New Science Initiative on the Global Water Cycle. Washington, DC: USGCRP. Available at http://www.hydro.washington.edu/WaterStudyGroup/.

Us Global Research Program Ozone Warning

Winkler, J. A, S. Thornsbury, M. Artavia, F. M. Chmielewski, D. Kirschke, S. Lee, M. Liszewska, S. Loveridge, P.-N. Tan, and S. Zhong. 2010. A conceptual framework for multi-regional climate change assessments for international market systems with long-term investments. Climatic Change 103(3–4):445–470.

WMO (World Meteorological Organization). 2010. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010. World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project Report No. 52. Geneva: WMO. Available at http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ozone_2010/ozone_asst_report.html.

WMO. 2014. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014. World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project Report No. 55. Geneva: WMO. Available at http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ozone_2014/full_report_TOC.html. Jaan tere naam all hd video songs download.

Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.
Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.
Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.
Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.

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Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.
Suggested Citation:'References.' National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accomplishments of the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24670.

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